无声的对话--东亚笔谈文献研究之二

Silent Conversation——Second Research of East Asia Written Documents

"笔谈"以汉字为媒介通过视觉而非听觉传递知识、沟通信息,是东亚地区特有的跨语言、跨民族、跨文化的交际方式,这种由多国人士参与、话题随意、现场挥毫形成的文本,无法归为任何一种传统的文献体裁,其特点可归纳为:(1)新的交际方式;(2)新的文献体裁;(3)新的研究资料。纵观东亚各国悠久的交往历史,作为跨语言交际之笔谈,并非是偶发的、临时的、应急的现象,而是官方的、持续的、主流的交流形式;同时,作为常态的、权威性的、高品位的沟通方式,贯穿了东亚官民交流的千余年历史。现存约万件笔谈文献,蕴涵着丰富的历史、文学、思想、民俗等资料,是一座亟需发掘的文献宝库。

For trasmission of knowledge and conveying messages, bitan is a visual mode through Chinese characters instead of a verbal mode through audio means. This unique communication mode in East Asia has the characteristics of cross-language, transnational ethic groups and cross-culture. As an important primary data of the characteristics of new communication mode, new literature genre and new information, all these bitan manuscripts written offhandedly by different ethic groups for casual conservations cannot be classified according to the framework of traditional literature genre. As a cross-language communication mode, bitan is not a fortuitous, temporary and contigent phenomenon but an official, continuous, mainstream, normative, authoritative mode of refined taste throughtout the centuries-old history of communication among East Asian countries. These exisiting hundreds and thousands of bitan manuscripts provide an unexploited treasure of primary data for the research of history, literature, ideology and folklore.