基于变质库存理论的生鲜农产品订货策略研究

Study of Fresh Agricultural Products Ordering Policy Based on Deteriorating Inventory Theory

生鲜农产品具有易腐性且流通损耗严重,损耗不仅受新鲜度的影响,还与运输时间密切相关。基于变质库存理论研究农超对接背景下生鲜农产品供应链中运输损耗问题。利用新鲜度函数,建立考虑新鲜度和运输时间双因素影响的变质库存模型,分析出供应链利益最大时的订货周期和订货量。通过算例计算表明新鲜度严重影响生鲜农产品的需求,运输时间也严重影响供应链整体的利润,超市应当缩短运输时间,制定小批量、多频次的订货策略。

Fresh agricultural products are perishable, with serious circulation loss. The loss is not only affected by the freshness, but also closely related to the transport time. Based on deteriorating inventory theory, the transport loss problem of fresh agricultural product supply chain is considered under the background of farmer-supermarket linking. The freshness function is used to establish deteriorating inventory model which considers the factors of freshness and transport time. In addition, the ordering cycle and ordering quantity when the supply chain benefit is the maximum are obtained. The results of numerical example show the freshness greatly affects the demand for fresh agricultural products and that the transport time also affects supply chain profit. Thus, the supermarket should shorten transport time and make an ordering policy of small volume and mufti-frequency.