从Fitness到Wellness——美国体适能与健康教育计划发展之历史考查及借鉴

From Fitness to Wellness--A Historical Review of the Development of the American Physical Fitness Education Program

美国的体适能研究始终坚持将体适能健康教育计划与学校体育课程内容的改革紧密结合在一起，在多维健康理念的指导下，其课程内容超越了发展身体能力的思维局限，将体适能运动的创造性与人的自然适应功能、个体生活质量及生命的自我表达的社会属性紧密的联系在一起。美国的体适能研究，无疑为我国学校体育课程改革与社会体育事业发展带来了新的思路与活力。

The popularization and promotion of American fitness education program draws attention from both government and social organizations; physical fitness test index and standard for people from different walks of life have been formed on the basis of fitness testing and evaluation of American teenagers. The fitness re- search closely combines the physical fitness education program with the reform of PE curriculum. Under the guidance of the multi-dimensional concept of health, the curriculum tightly relates the creativity of the fitness movement to the human＇ s natural adaptation, individual life quality and self-expression, more than the develop- ment of physical ability. This value orientation brings new ideas and energy to the Chinese school sports curricu- lum reform and the social sports development.