微创切口负压引流在颌面部间隙感染治疗中的应用

Application of negative pressure drainage at minimally invasive incision in the treatment of maxillofacial space infection

目的 探讨微创切口负压引流在颌面部间隙感染治疗中的应用效果。方法 选取200例在我院就诊的颌面部间隙感染患者,随机分为观察组（微创切口负压引流）和对照组（常规切开引流）,各100例,对比两组患者的临床治疗效果。结果 观察组治愈63例,显效20例,有效9例,无效8例;对照组治愈43例,显效20例,有效15例,无效22例。观察组总有效率（92.00%）明显高于对照组（78.00%）（P〈0.05）;观察组术后愈合时间（7.24±1.25）d、皮肤瘢痕长度（2.40±0.36）cm和瘢痕宽度（0.51±0.13）cm分别短于对照组的（11.62±1.53）d、（9.81±2.05）cm和（1.64±0.23）cm（P〈0.05）;观察组和对照组术后24 h引流量[（73.55±6.91）m L vs.（76.41±8.30）m L]比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;观察组在1~5 h的拔管率（59.00%）明显高于对照组（31.00%）（P〈0.05）,在6-10 h的拔管率37.00%和〉11 h拔管的拔管率4.00%分别低于对照组的54.00%和15.00%,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 微创切口负压引流治疗颌面部间隙感染的疗效显著,可以减少术后瘢痕形成,缩短愈合时间,值得临床推广。

Objective To investigate the application effect on negative pressure drainage at minimally invasive incision in the treatment of maxillofacial space infection. Methods Two hundreds cases of patients with maxillofacial space infection treated in our hospital were selected, and randomly divided into observation group （negative pressure drainage at minimally invasive incision） and control group （conventional incision drainage）, with 100 cases in each group, the clinical effect between the two groups were compared. Results In the observation group, 63 cases were cured, 20 cases were markedly effective, 9 cases were effective, 8 cases ineffective; in the control group, 43 cases were cured, 20 cases were markedly effective, 15 cases were effective, 22 cases ineffective. The total efficiency was 92.0% of the observation group, which was significantly higher than 78.0% of the control group （P〈0.05）. The healing time [（7.24：t：1.25） d], skin scar length [（2.40±0.36） cm] and scar width [（0.51±0.13） cm] of the observation group were significantly shorter than those of the control group [（11.62±1.53） d, （9.81±2.05） cm, （1.64±0.23） cm] （P〈0.05）. The 24 h drainage volume between the obseration group and the control group showed no significant difference [（73.55±6.91） mL vs. （76.41±8.30） mL] （P〉0.05）. The pulling tube rate of the observation group in 1-5 h was 59.00%, which was significantly higher than 31.00% of the control group （P〈0.05）, and tube pulling rate of the observation group in 6-10 h （37.00%） and over ll h （4.00%） were significantly lower than those of the control group （54.00%, 15.00%） （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Negative pressure drainage at minimally invasive incision has significant efficacy in the treatment of maxillofacial space infection, it can reduce the scar formation, shorten the healing time, which is worthy of clinical promotion.