欧盟网络犯罪刑事立法新动向——以《关于惩治攻击信息系统行为的指令》为中心

New Trends in the Criminal Legislation against Cyber Crime in the EU:with a Concentration on Directive No.2013/40/EU on Attacks against Information Systems

为了更有效地预防和打击攻击信息系统的犯罪行为,欧盟于2013年通过了第2013/40/EU号指令。第2013/40/EU号指令属于刑事法律,它要求各成员国将非法侵入信息系统、非法干扰信息系统、非法干扰信息系统数据、非法截取数据和生产、销售、取得犯罪工具等行为犯罪化,同时规定了刑罚的基本原则以及最低标准。作为欧盟打击网络犯罪最新的刑事法律,第2013/40/EU号指令与《网络犯罪公约》具有紧密的关系,也有相异之处。

In order to prevent and combat the crime of information system attacks, the European Union passed Directive No.2013/40/EU in 2013. Belonging to the category of criminal laws, Directive No.2013/40/EU demands all the EU member states to criminalize illegal intrusion into information systems,illegal interference into information systems and the data within, illegal interception of data and the production, selling and acquiring of crime tools, and has also set the fundamental principles and minimal requirements of criminal penalties. As the latest EU criminal legislation to combat cyber crimes, Directive No.2013/40/EU has both resemblances and distinctions with the Cyber-crime Convention.