湖北省淫羊藿属植物种质分布及质量评价

Germplasm Distribution and Quality Evaluation of Genus Epimedium in Hubei Province

目的:掌握湖北省淫羊藿属植物资源种质分布,进而系统评价其药材质量,以期扩大药源,达到资源的合理利用和可持续发展。方法:通过查阅文献、标本、专著及花期深入野外调查,对湖北省淫羊藿属植物种类进行整理。并对调查到的物种进行花期居群采样,基于朝藿定A,B,C及淫羊藿苷进行质量评价。结果:各类文献和标本记载湖北省共分布淫羊藿属植物24种1变种,但由于该属类群处理更新较为频繁,且狭域分布种极易受生境影响,野外调查仅采集到11种。基于4种活性成分的质量分析表明,箭叶淫羊藿质量最好;直距淫羊藿、长蕊淫羊藿和巫山淫羊藿质量较佳;四川淫羊藿4种成分含量均甚微;黔岭淫羊藿、木鱼坪淫羊藿、竹山淫羊藿、紫距淫羊藿、保靖淫羊藿和短茎淫羊藿则4种成分均未检测到。且箭叶淫羊藿和长蕊淫羊藿不同居群间含量差异较大。结论:由于分类学处理和植物生境的变化,淫羊藿属植物资源信息亟待更新。湖北省淫羊藿属植物种类丰富,尽管大部分非《中国药典》收录种的指标成分含量均较低,但其中直距淫羊藿和长蕊淫羊藿质量较好,其优异居群可作为资源利用的候选种质。

Objective： To investigate the germplasm distribution of genus Epimedium in Hubei province,systemically evaluate the quality and achieve sustainable utilization and development of resources.Method： The germplasm of Epimedium in Hubei province was determined by reviewing the literature,specimen and monograph,as well as field investigation. Population samples collected at full-bloom stage were used for the subsequent quality evaluation based on epimedin A,epimedin B,epimedin C and icariin. Result： According to the record of relative literature,specimens and our field investigation,24 species and 1 variety of Epimedium may be expected in Hubei. However,due to the frequent revision and description of this genus,and some endemic species were easily affected by habitat origins,only 11 species were collected in field investigation. The quality evaluation showed that E. sagittatum was the first class, followed by E. mikiorii, E. dolichostemon and E.wushanense. E. sutchuenense had low concentration of the above four ingredients. While the four ingredients were not detected in E. epsteinii,E. franchetii,E. zhushanense,E. leptorrhizum,E. baojingense and E. brachyrrhizum.In addition,there was significant difference between populations in both E. dolichostemon and E. sagittatum.Conclusion： Due to the changes of taxonomic treatment and natural habitat,it is time to update the germplasm information. Hubei province is rich in natural Epimedium resources. Most species that were not recorded in Chinese pharmacopoeia have inferior quality,but E. mikiorii and E. dolichostemon have better quality,whose excellent population may be used as candidate germplasm for introduction and acclimatization.