论抗战初期广九铁路的军事运输

Canton-Kowloon Railway : Military Supply Line at Initial Stage of Anti-Japanese War(1937-1938)

上海失陷后,日军完全封锁了中国东部沿海口岸,自香港经广九铁路运输军事物资的重要性突显。为了使用香港口岸,抗战之初,国民政府紧急抢修了粤汉铁路,准备与广九铁路接轨。英国政府及相关企业财团因日本在中国东北、上海的行动有损其在华利益,故采取积极应对态度。1937年8月23日粤汉路与广九铁路正式接轨,随后中英双方亦签订联运协议。广九铁路开启军事运输后,日本政府立即向英国提出抗议,英国方面以拖延策略相应对。为切断这条军事补给线,日军先行轰炸广九铁路华段,继而发起广州作战,广九铁路军运由此中断。广九铁路作为抗战期间重要军事补给线的时间虽然较短,但仍然有着重大作用,也反映了珍珠港事变前英国援华抗战的姿态。

After the fall of Shanghai,the Japanese troops blocked the eastern coast of China,and military logistics to China via Hong Kong became extremely important. Therefore,the Chinese Government carried out urgent repairs on the Canton-Hankow Railway and prepared to link it up with the Canton-Kowloon Railway. On the other hand,since their interests in China had been jeopardized by Japan＇s military actions in Manchuria and Shanghai,the British Government and some consortia concerned became positively supportive of the Chinese Government. Shortly after the two railways were connected on August2 3,1 9 3 7,China and colonial Hong Kong reached an agreement and signed the contract to begin military transportation. The British Government responded to Japan＇s protests by giving evasive replies. To cut off China＇s logistical support,Japanese troops started by bombing the Chinese section of the Canton-Kowloon Railway,then proceeded to occupy Guangzhou and finally disrupted the service of the Canton-Kowloon Railway. Despite its relatively brief service as a military supply line during the Anti-Japanese War,the role of this railway in China＇s military supplies was of great significance.