军事地理视角下的中国古代历史空间进程

Spatial Change Process in Ancient History of China from Military Geography Perspective

基于中国东、西部人们经济生活方式的差异,农耕区内部以及农耕区与非农耕区之间,表现出完全不同的战略空间进程。东部农耕区从最初由西向东至三国南北朝时期转向从北向南,农耕区与非农耕区之间表现为自东北、西北两个方向给中原政权施加军事压力,伴随国力盛衰,近2000年以来中原政权不断从被动转为主动,又从主动转为被动,在武力争雄与文化交融中,直至清代前期最终实现了疆土稳定地从农耕区拓展至非农耕区。在从农耕区向非农耕区发展的中国古代历史空间进程中,关中地区和秦岭、淮河一线以及长城一带分别发挥着重要作用。

The study in this paper refers to the primary courses and influential geographical factors of spatial change process in Chinese history. Owing to differences in economic ways of life between people in Eastern and Western China,strategic space courses were totally different within agricultural areas,as well as between agricultural and non-agricultural areas.Agricultural regions in Eastern China extended towards the east in early history,but after the Three Kingdoms period,their expanding direction changed towards the south. The regimes of the Central Plains faced military pressures from non-agricultural regions in the northeast and the northwest. In the past 2,0 0 0 years,the Central Plains Regimes acted either passively or actively in accordance with the national strength. After hundreds of years of military competition and cultural fusion,the Central Plains power finally expanded the territory steadily from agricultural areas to non-agricultural ones in the early Qing Dynasty. During this process,geographical factors were always playing an important role.