某军队医院2011～2015年老年住院患者疾病构成分析

Analysis of the Disease Composition of the Elderly Inpatients in a Military Hospital From 2011 to 2015

目的探讨作者医院老年（60岁及以上）住院患者的疾病构成和死亡原因,为进一步研究提供基线资料。方法通过提取作者医院2011-2015年老年住院患者资料,系统疾病严格按照国际疾病分类（ICD-10）标准进行分类,数据采用SPSS 17.0进行统计分析。结果2011-2015年老年住院患者男女间不同年龄段比较存在显著差异（χ2=767.944,P〈0.05）;老年住院患者构成比超过10%的系统疾病有循环系统疾病（22.56%）、肿瘤（15.14%）、影响健康状态和与保健机构接触的因素（13.95%）;其中,循环系统疾病患病人数从2011年的1498人增加到2015年的3844人,增幅为156.61%;影响健康状态和与保健机构接触的因素主要是癌症化疗和肿瘤对症治疗;前十位系统疾病中,循环系统疾病、肿瘤、影响健康状态和与保健机构接触的因素、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病、肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病、泌尿生殖系统疾病和内分泌、营养和代谢疾病在男女间差异具有统计学意义（χ2=1659.051,P〈0.05）;肿瘤是老年住院患者死亡人数最多的系统疾病,为452人。结论该院老年住院患者罹患疾病及死亡原因主要以循环系统、肿瘤和呼吸系统为主,医院应加强这三类系统疾病的防治工作,改善和提高老年人健康水平。

Objective To investigate the causes of disease composition and death in the elderly（aged 60 years and older）in hospital,and to provide baseline data for further study.Methods The elderly inpatients data from2011 to2015 were extracted from the hospital information section,and diseases were classified according to the international classification of diseases（ICD-10）standards.The data were analyzed by SPSS17.0statistical software.Results From2011 to 2015,there were significant differences between male and female in elderly inpatients of different ages（χ2=767.944,P〈0.05）;elderly inpatients constituted more than10% of systemic diseases with circulatory system disease（22.56%）,cancer（15.14%）,factors influencing health status and contact with health care institutions（13.95%）.From2011 to2015,the number of circulatory system disease increased from1498 to 3844,an increase of 156.61%;The main factors that affect the health status and the contact with health care institutions were cancer chemotherapy and symptomatic treatment of tumor;in the first ten system diseases,circulatory system disease,cancer,factors influencing health status and contact with health care institutions,respiratory system disease,digestive system disease,musculoskeletal system and connective tissue disease,urinary and reproductive system disease and endocrine,nutritional and metabolic diseases were significant differences between male and female（χ2=1659.051,P〈0.05）;cancer was the largest number of death in elderly inpatients of systemic diseases in five years,for 452 cases;Conclusion The main causes of morbidity and mortality of the elderly inpatients in the hospital are circulatory system diseases,cancer and respiratory diseases.The hospital should strengthen the early screening of these 3 system diseases,and improve the health level of the elderly.