青中年无症状吸烟者4～7级支气管损伤的HRCT研究

Injury of grade 4～7 bronchi in the young and middle-aged cigarette smoking people without symptom:evaluation by HRCT

目的：利用高分别率CT（HRCT）评价青中年无症状吸烟者与对照组小气道各经线间的差异。方法：测量青中年无症状吸烟者及对照组右肺上叶尖段4—7级支气管气道壁的外径（DE）及内径（DL），并计算出气道厚度（T）与体表面积（BSA）平方根（√BSA）的比值，气道面积占气道总截面积的百分比（WA％）、支气管壁厚度与外径的比值（TDR）。结果：青中年无症状吸烟者与对照组比较，右肺上叶尖段4～7级支气管T／√BSA升高，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05），WA％减低，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05），TDR稍减低，差异不具有统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：HRCT可对吸烟造成的小气道早期损伤进行评估。

Objective： To compare the size of small airway evaluated by HRCT between young and middle-aged cigarette smokers without symptom and control group. Method： The outside diameter（DE） and inner diameter（DL） of grade 4-7 bronchi in apical segment of right upper lobe were measured in cigarette smokers without symptom and control group. The ratio of the thickness of the airway （T） and square root of surface area （√BSA）, ratio of airway area and total area of the airway （WA%）, and ratio of bronchi wall thickness and outer diameter （TDR） were calculated. Results： The T/√BSA in grade 4-7 bronchi in apical segment of right upper lobe was higher in cigarette smokers without symptom than that of control group, with statistical difference（P〈0.05）. WA% was lower, which was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. While TDR was slightly lower, without statistical difference（P〉0.05）. Conclusion： HRCT can be used to assess early damage in small airway of cigarette smokers.