减少弃水电量的抽水蓄能电站运行方式研究

Analysis on operation of pumped storage power plants for reducing surplus water

根据抽水蓄能电站的工作原理与工作特点及其在电力系统电力电量平衡计算中的削峰填谷作用,针对汛期电力系统中水电站因承担电力系统调峰任务而产生的弃水电量,通过改变抽水蓄能电站的运行方式来利用电力系统中水电站产生的弃水电量并在不增加电力系统负荷的情况下增强抽水蓄能电站调峰能力。通过优先发挥抽水蓄能电站电量效益的前提下,尽可能使抽水蓄能电站发挥其容量效益,并按照日调节的方式对系统负荷进行调峰,减小系统负荷的峰谷差以及对调峰容量的需求。计算实例结果表明,该方法与抽水蓄能电站全部承担备用以及仅削峰填谷的运行方式相比,显著提高了系统消纳弃水电量的能力,验证了方法的有效性和可行性以及带来的显著效益。

This paper presents a new operation scheme of pumped storage power plants for improving their capability of peak load regulation with no increase in power system load. First, according to the working principle and working characteristics of pumped storage plants in a power system, we analyzed their peak load regulating role in power balance of the system and the losses in the power outputs due to abandoning surplus water by hydropower plants in flood season. Then, a scheme was formulated for better use of the surplus water through adjustment of the operation of the plants. In this scheme, a higher priority is given to the power generating efficiency of the plants and their storage capacity is preferably used to improve the efficiency. If the system peak load is shifted by daily regulation of the plants in this case, the peak-valley load difference and peaking capacity demand of the power system can be reduced. Calculation results show that this method produces a significant improvement on the system capability of reducing surplus water consumption, relative to the case that all the power plants share the reserve and adopt the traditional operation mode of peak load shifting. Thus, this new scheme is effective and feasible and it brings about significant benefit of power generation.