基于语料库的日语副词“ようやく”和“やっと”的对比研究

A Contrastive Study on Japanese Adverbs “ようやく” and “やっと” Based on the Japanese Corpus

为了更好地区分日语副词的近义词"ようやく"和"やっと",利用现代日语书面语均衡语料库的"少纳言"检索系统,考察两者文体和共起动词方面的异同。可以得知,两者的最大差异在于文体方面。两者的共起动词、相同动词的用法、共起动词的形式都有异同。

In order to distinguish Japanese adverbs “ようやく ”and“やっと ” better, used the ‘少纳言 retrieval system of Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese to see the style and collocation verb difference between them. It can be seen that the most differences is style, “ようやく” is mainly used in formal？ writing and written language, while“やっと ” is mainly used in informal？writing and spoken language. The verbs collocate with “ようやく”and “やっと”are “なゐ” 、 “どきゐ” ,“出ゐ ”,“すゐ”、“分かゐ”,“気づく”,“戻ゐ”、“たざりっく”,“見っけゐ ”,“終ゎゐ ”,“着く”. The verbs collocate with“ ょぅゃく ”are “返ゐ”,“見ゐ”. The verbs collocate with “ゃつと”are “来ゐ”、“言ぅ”、“見ぇゐ”. From the same verbs used in both, it can be seen that it takes lots of time and energy to achieve something..“ようやく”emphasizes the process before achieving something, mainly connecting with abstract nouns and natural phenomenon nouns.“やっと” emphasizes the thing is long-awaited, mainly connecting with concrete noun. Furthermore, in the form of collocation with verbs, auxiliary types and noun types of “ようやく ” are more than “やっと” .