用于肿瘤联合治疗的基因和化疗药物纳米共载体系的研究进展

Research progress in co-delivery of gene and chemotherapy drugs with nanocarriers for combination cancer therapy

化学药物治疗（化疗）或基因治疗单独使用治疗肿瘤均具有较多缺陷,而将两者联合应用能协同治疗肿瘤,克服单一疗法的不足.纳米载体既能包载化疗药物又能递送基因,其用于肿瘤的联合治疗,可减少化疗药物的剂量,增加药物在靶器官的分布量,减轻毒副作用,从而提高抗肿瘤效果;同时保护携带基因的稳定性和完整性,一定程度上提高基因的转染效率,以达到减轻毒副作用及提高疗效的协同目的.基因和化疗药物纳米共载体系用于肿瘤的联合治疗是近年来肿瘤治疗的研究热点.就基因和化疗药物纳米共载体系的类型及负载基因类型,特别是纳米共载体系用于肿瘤联合治疗的研究进行总结和展望.

Chemotherapy or gene therapy has many defects when used alone in the treatment of cancers.Co-delivery of chemotherapy drugs and gene therapy could achieve synergistic therapeutic effect and overcome the shortcomings of monotherapy.Nanocarrier can package chemotherapy drugs and deliver genes for combination cancer therapy,which will increase the amount of the drug distribution in target organ and reduce the toxic side effects,thus enhancing the treatment efficacy.Meanwhile,the nanocarrier can protect the stability and integrity of genes,and improve the efficiency of gene transfection to a certain extent,to achieve the purpose of reducing side effects and improving the synergetic effects of the therapy.Co-delivery of gene and chemotherapy drugs with nanocarriers for combination cancer therapy is currently the hotspot of tumor treatment.The types of co-delivery carriers for gene and chemotherapy drugs and loading genetic types are summarized as well.On the basis,future research prospect is discussed.