992株临床分离病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Analysis of the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in clinical isolates of 992 strains

目的了解该院近3年临床分离病原菌的分布及耐药情况。方法回顾性分析该院2011年11月至2014年12月临床分离的992株病原菌及药敏结果。结果该院992株病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌487株(49.1%),大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产ESBLs检出率分别为47.5%、16.7%,两者对亚胺培南和美洛培南的敏感率分别为100%、98.5%;铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌对多种抗菌药物高度敏感;嗜麦芽窄食假单胞菌对多种抗菌药物均有不同程度的耐药,但对复方黄胺甲噁唑100%敏感。革兰阳性球菌245株(24.7%),耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的检出率分别为45.5%、91.6%,未检出耐万古霉素葡萄球菌和耐万古霉素肠球菌。真菌260株(26.2%),白假丝酵母菌对抗真菌药高度敏感,热带假丝酵母菌的耐药率较高。结论定期回顾分析临床分离病原菌的分布及其耐药性,有利于及时掌握其耐药性的变迁,从而指导临床合理应用抗菌药物。

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in our hospital for three consecutive years. Methods 992 strains of bacteria with their susceptive test results were analyzed retrospectively from December 2011 to November 2014 in our hospital. Results 487（49.1%） strains gram negative bacilli were detected in the 992 strains of pathogenic bacteria of the hospital,The positive rate of ESBLs from Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 47.5% and 16.7% respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii Stenotrophomonas were highly sensitive to many kinds of Antibiotics. Although Pseudomonas maltophilia had different degrees of resistance to many kinds of antimicrobial drugs,whose sensitivity to SMZ was 100V0. 245 （24. 7%） strains of gram positive coccus were detected, the positive rates of MRSA and MRCNS were 45.5% and 91.60% respectively. No strains of Staphylococcus and Enterococcus with resistance to vancomycin were detected. There were 260 strains （26.2%） of Fungi,Candida albicans were highly sensitive to antifungal agents,and the resistance rate of Candida tropicalis was higher than other Fungi. Conclusion Reviewed regularly the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, which is conducive to grasp the changes of drug resistance timely,thus to guide clinical rational use of antimicrobial agents.