渔业管理策略评价及应用研究进展

Review on Management Strategy Evaluation and its Application in Fishery

管理策略评价(MSE)是近年来国际上渔业资源评估与管理学科发展的新趋势。MSE是通过对管理目标渔业系统的模拟,来测试和评价不同的渔业管理策略达到预期管理目标一种方法。MSE一般包含操作模型、采样模型、资源评估模型和执行模型,其中操作模型是核心。在操作模型中,通过模拟测试的方法来评估不同管理策略达到预期管理目标的程度,并充分考虑到渔业管理中的不确定性,因此渔业管理策略评价能够获得在渔业资源变动和不确定性影响下仍有较好表现的管理措施。管理策略评价一般与生物参考点、捕捞控制规则、管理规定和绩效评估有关。此外,随时间的变化的补充量、自然死亡系数和生长率,以及渔具和作业方式的选择性等,都会对MSE产生影响。由于可提高渔业管理的成功率,MSE已在渔业资源评估与管理中越来越广泛应用。通过对MSE的理论、方法和存在的问题进行总结与分析,并以实例阐述其在金枪鱼渔业管理中的发展和应用,为该领域的进一步研究提供参考和依据。

Management Strategy Evaluation （ MSE ） has become a new kind of methodology in the field of stock assessment and management in the world recently. MSE is a studying tool that simulate the fishery system to test and evaluate whether the performance of different management strategies had reached the management objectives or not. MSE generally consist of four models, i.e. operating fishing model, sampling model, assessment model and implementing model, of which operating model is the core. The operating model can evaluate to what extent different management strategies reach management objectives by considering uncertainties in fishery management, therefore MSE can develop the best management strategies under uncertainty and fishery variability. MSE is also related to biological reference points, harvest control rules, management rules and performance measure. Besides, recruitment dynamics, natural mortality and changes of growth and fishing gear always affect the results of MSE. Since MSE can improve the chances of fishery management success, it is becoming more and more popular in the fisheries of the world. In this paper, the theory, structure, methodology application and development of MSE are reviewed and discussed in the aim of providing guide and reference for the related researchers in our country.