基于行为转变理论的饮食教育对血液透析患者的作用

Effect of diet health education based on trans-theoretical model and stages of change for patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

目的探讨基于行为转变理论的饮食教育对维持性血液透析患者的作用。方法将96例维持性血液透析患者随机分为观察组和对照组各48例。对照组给予门诊血液透析常规的饮食相关健康教育,观察组成立行为转变理论模式健康教育团队,实施以行为改变理论模式为指导的饮食健康教育。结果干预6个月后,观察组饮食依从性得分显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血钾、血磷水平显著低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论基于行为转变理论的饮食教育可提高维持性血液透析患者饮食依从性,从而控制血钾、血磷,达到饮食管理的目的。

Objective To explore the effect of diet health education based on Trans-theoretical Model and stages of change（TTM）for patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.Methods A total of 96 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis were randomized into an observation group and a control group,with 48 cases in each group.The control group received routine diet-related health education,while a TTM health education team was established for the observation group,then the patients received the dietrelated health education guided by TTM.Results Six months after the intervention,the diet compliance score of the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group（P〈0.05）,and the level of serum potassium and serum phosphorus were significantly lower than the control group（P〈0.05 for both）.Conclusion The diet health education based on TTM could improve the diet compliance for patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis,then control their level of serum potassium and serum phosphorus,and to achieve the purpose of diet management.