西安市长安区湿地资源分布与特征分析

Wetland Resource Distribution and Characteristics in Chang′an District of Xi′an

湿地景观格局分析已成为湿地生态和全球变化研究领域的热点,本文以遥感影像为数据源,利用光谱特征进行比对分析,再通过现场实地求证和景观指数模型,对西安市长安区湿地景观空间结构进行分析。结果表明:长安区湿地类型多样,分布不均,河流湿地占全区湿地73.43%,生态地位重要;河流湿地和人工湿地主要分布在长安区南部,湖泊湿地主要分布在河流附近;湿地通过自然或人工水系互为连通,形成关联程度极高的湿地网络;湿地受干扰强度高,人类活动对湿地生态系统造成很多不可逆转的影响。

Analysis of the spatial structural of wetland landscapes has become a hot topic in the area of wetland ecology and global change.In this paper,we analyzed the spatial structure of wetland landscapes in Chang＇an district,Xi＇an using remote sensing as data resource as well as spectral features comparisons combining with landscape index model and in-situ verification.The results showed that the wetland landscapes in Chang＇an district were of various types and with uneven distribution among which the riverine wetland dominate at a percentage of 73.43% with a consequently eventual ecology status;the riverine wetland and constructed wetland are mainly located in the southern area of Chang＇an district while the lake wetlands scatter along the river;the wetland highly connect with each other by natural or artificial river system;human activities cause irreversible effect on the wetland ecological system.