国内工业生态安全研究述评

Review of domestic industrial ecological security research

经过对国内工业生态安全研究文献的梳理与评价,从一个侧面比较系统地反映了国内该领域研究的现状、重点内容及发展趋势,指出了研究的若干重要进展及存在的不足。在此基础上,对今后我国工业生态安全研究提出了展望与建议。调研发现,国内学者在基础研究、应用研究方面都取得了明显进展:借鉴、界定和运用了一些重要概念;开拓了工业生态安全应用研究的两个重点领域。但是其不足也比较明显:基础理论研究非常薄弱;应用研究的尺度主要是中观层次(区域、行业、工业园区等),企业及国家层面工业生态安全等微观和宏观层次的专题系统研究文献比较少;研究方法上综合交叉研究、实证研究、定量分析比较薄弱。因此,应该大力加强工业生态安全基础性理论问题研究,重视实证研究与定量分析,紧紧抓住工业生态安全研究综合性与交叉性强的特点,在重点研究高耗能行业及工业自然生态环境安全的同时,注意拓展对工业经济生态环境安全、社会生态环境安全以及工业自然-经济-社会复合生态系统综合生态安全的研究。为此,应该建立各相关学科与部门有效沟通、官产学研合作攻关的协调机制。

After review of literature on domestic industrial ecological security, we reveal the status quo from a given perspective, key points, and trends in this research field. Furthermore, we point out the important development, as well as problems, and make projections and suggestions on the issues. We show that domestic scholars have achieved much in fundamental, applied research by absorbing, defining, using important concepts, theories, and methods, and extending two key fields of such studies. Conversely, their weaknesses were also clear： the study of fundamental theory is rather poor; applied study is confined to the meso-level, such as eco-industrial parks and certain industries and regions; professional and systematic studies both at the micro and macro levels of enterprises and at the national scale are insufficient; and methods are poor concerning comprehensive cross research, empirical research, and quantitative research. Therefore, it is imperative that studies be strengthened in terms of fundamental theories of industrial ecological security. Empirical and quantitative research should be given priority. It is also important to understand the features of integrated and interdisciplinary research in industrial ecological security, with priority on the high energy-consuming industry and the natural eco-environment security of industry, to develop research on economically eco-environment security, socially eco-environment security, and integrated natural-economical-social multiple ecological system security. Thus a coordination mechanism should be established for relevant disciplines and departments to make effective communication, and for governments, enterprises, universities and research institutes to make harmonious cooperation.