某“三甲”医院呼吸内科2011-2015年ADR/ADE报告分析

Analysis of ADR/ADE Reports of Respiratory Department in a Class Three Grade A Hospital during 2011 to 2015

目的：为呼吸内科临床合理用药提供参考。方法：收集某“三甲”医院呼吸内科2011年1月－2015年12月向国家药品不良反应（ADR）监测系统上报的ADR/药品不良事件（ADE）报告，建立“某院呼吸内科2011－2015年ADR/ADE数据库”，对其进行描述性统计分析。结果：共得到记录202份，其中男性患者89例（44.06％），女性患者113例（55.94％）；患者年龄近似于正态分布，以61～80岁患者所占比例最高（55.94％）；出现ADR/ADE时间多＜1 h（47.21％）；静脉滴注（71.29％）是引发ADR/ADE的最主要给药途径；ADR/ADE涉及的药品有22类，抗细菌药居首位（43.11％）；有84例（41.58％）患者在ADR/ADE发生前同时使用了2种及以上药物；ADR/ADE累及器官/系统主要为皮肤及其附件（32.86％）和消化系统（26.19％），大部分ADR/ADE经过相关处理后能够痊愈或好转。结论：呼吸内科ADR/ADE的发生与多种因素有关，患者高龄、静脉用药和使用抗细菌药是其重要因素。临床应合理用药，同时加强ADR/ADE的监测和报告工作，特别应注意老年患者用药安全性。

OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for rational drug use in respiratory department. METHODS：ADR/ADE report-ed by respiratory department of a class three grade A hospital during Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2015 from national ADR monitoring system were collected. 2011-2015 ADR/ADE database of respiratory department in a hospital was established and analyzed statistically. RE-SULTS：202 records were gotten,among which 89 cases were male（44.06%）and 113 cases were female（55.94%）;the patients’ age approximated normal distribution,the incidence of ADR/ADE was the highest in 61-80 age group （55.94%）;the occurrence time of ADR/ADE was mostly lower than 1 h （47.21%）;the main route of administration was intravenous drip （71.29%）;22 kinds of drugs were involved,and antibiotics took up the lead（43.11%）;84 patients（41.58%）used 2 and more kinds of drugs before the occarrence of ADR/ADE;organs/systems involved in ADR/ADE were skin and its appendants （32.86%） and digestive system（26.19%）. Most of the ADR/ADE could be cured or recovered after related treatment. CONCLUSIONS：The occurrence of ADR/ADE in respiratory department is related to various factors,of which advanced age,intravenous administration and antibiotics use are important ones. Great importance should be attached to rational clinical drug use as well as ADR/ADE monitoring and re-porting. Clinical also should pay attention to the safety of drug use in elderly patients.