基于ITS2条形码的人参属物种鉴定研究

Identification of Panax sp. Species Based on ITS2 DNA Barcode

人参属植物种类繁多,多数具有重要的生物学及药用价值。采用植物DNA条形码候选序列之一的ITS2片段鉴定人参属药用植物。结果表明,ITS2基因区通用性强,序列在人参属物种间差异较大,属内变异位点为41个,保守位点189个,种内遗传距离为0-0.004,种间遗传距离为0.006-0.098,平均遗传距离为0.044。基于K2P模型构建的系统发育树（NJ树）显示,同一物种均聚为一类。因此,ITS2作为DNA条形码能够有效地区别人参属物种,为人参属药材及其伪混品的鉴定提供基础。

Panax sp. species, most have the important value of biological and pharmaceutical. The identification ability of Panax sp. species used DNA barcode ITS2 was tested. The result showed that ITS2 had a good commonality, and some differences in panaxspecies,the sequence analysis results revealed that there were 41 mutation sites,189 conserved sites, theintraspecific genetic distance varied from 0 to 0.004,while the genetic distance among the species ranged from 0.006 to 0.098 with the average value of 0.044. The phylogenetic tree constructed by the neighbor-joining method shows that the same species gather together. Therefore, ITS2 can identify Panax sp. species effective,and it provides a possibility for Panax sp.medicinal materials and its adulterants.