蹲墙功对健康大学生体质影响的实验研究

The Influence of Dunqiang Qigong on the Physical Fitness of Healthy University Students

目的:研究蹲墙功对健康大学生体质的影响。方法:在北京中医药大学筛选合格受试者58人,随机分为实验组和对照组。其中,实验组30人(男生14人,女生16人),进行连续4周蹲墙功锻炼。对照组28人(男生18人,女生10人),4周内不进行体育锻炼。使用电子身高体重测试仪、电子肺活量计、电子秒表、皮尺、电子仰卧起坐仪和电子坐位体前屈计分别检测被试者身高、体重、BMI、肺活量、50 m短跑、立定跳远、仰卧起坐和坐位体前屈8个体质指标。比较实验组男、女生各自在锻炼前后体质指标组内差异,以及实验组男生和对照组男生在实验后的差异,实验组女生和对照组女生在实验后的差异。结果:(1)组内差异:通过4周的蹲墙功锻炼,实验组男生体重和BMI值降低明显(P<0.01),50 m短跑和坐位体前屈成绩提升显著(P<0.05);实验组女生体重、BMI值降低明显(P<0.01),肺活量、仰卧起坐和坐位体前屈成绩提升明显(P<0.01),50 m短跑成绩提升明显(P<0.05);对照组男生和对照组女生在实验前后各指标差异均不明显(P>0.05)。(2)组间差异:4周蹲墙功锻炼以后,实验组男生和对照组男生实验后各项指标均无明显差异(P>0.05),实验组女生和对照组女生实验后各项指标均无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:4周的蹲墙功锻炼对大学生身体形态、身体机能和身体素质方面均有影响,蹲墙功对改善大学生体质健康水平有着积极意义。

[Abstract] Objective： To examine the effect of Dunqiang Qigong on the physical fitness of healthy university students. Methods： A total of 58 subjects from Beijing University of Chinese Medicine were randomly divided into experimental group （14 males and 16 females） and control group （18 males and 10 females）. The experimental group completed Dunqiang Qigong for four weeks, and the control group didn＇t do any exercise. The height, weight and BMI were measured using Electronic Height ＆Weight Tester; Vital capacity was measured using Electronic Spirometer; the 50 meter sprint was measured using Electronic Stopwatch; Standing long jump was measured using Metric Ruler; Sit-ups was measured using Electronic Sit-ups Tester, while sit- and-reach was measured using Electronic Sit-and-reach Tester. We compared the experimental group male and female individual differences in physical fitness indexes before and after experiment, and the differences between the experimental group and control group. Results： After four weeks exercises, the experimental group male＇s weight and the BMI significantly decreased （P〈O.O1）, meanwhile the result of 50 meter sprint and the sit-and-reach significantly increased （P〈0.05）, compared with before the experiment; the experimental group female＇s weight and the BMI significantly decreased （P〈0.01）, and the result of vital capacity, the sit-ups and the sit-and-reach significantly increased （P〈0.01）; and the result of 50 meter sprint significantly increased （P〈0.05）, compared with before the experiment; after the experiment, all physical fitness indexes of male and female in control group showed no significant difference compared with before the experiment （P〉0.05）. Besides, there was no significant difference in all physical fitness indexes between the experimental group and control group both of male and female （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： After 4 weeks exercise, the Dunqiang Qigong can improve both male and female＇s body shape, function and athletic ability, with positive significance to college students＂ physical fitness.