复垦煤矸山重构土壤剖面养分状况研究

Study on Soil Nutrients of Reclamation Agro-forestry Land on a Coal Waste Pile

以山西省霍州曹村煤矿矸石山复垦6年果园（OP）和复垦6年草地（GL）为样地,分析了2种农林用地类型煤矸山复垦重构土壤100 cm土层养分剖面差异,以期为煤矸山重构土壤选择合适的植被类型提供依据。结果表明,煤矸山复垦6年果园土壤养分含量明显优于复垦6年草地,其中养分改善程度较好的是土壤全钾、有效磷、全磷及有机质,较差的是土壤全氮和碱解氮。复垦6年果园土壤有机质和全量养分含量明显较常规果园低,但速效养分中有效磷和速效钾含量却优于或相当于常规果园;复垦6年草地除土壤速效钾含量高于常规草地外,其余土壤养分含量均明显低于常规草地。从两种复垦煤矸山100 cm土层养分含量的剖面差异来看,复垦6年果园土壤全钾和有效磷含量在土壤表层（0-20 cm）、中层（20-60 cm）和深层（60-100 cm）均高于复垦6年草地,土壤有机质、碱解氮和全磷的这种差异主要表现在表层或中层,但2种利用形式复垦地土壤全氮含量在100 cm土层中均无明显差异。

To provide a basis evidence for the choice of the vegetation types to different types of reclamation agro-forestry land,the study was conducted in two types of reclamation agro-forestry land as six years orchard after reclamation（OP） and six years grassland after reclamation（GL） on a coal waste pile in Cao village, Huozhou city, Shanxi province, and the difference of soil nutrients within 100 cm soil layers between OP and GL were analyzed. The results showed that soil nutrients contents in OP treatment was better than GL treatment,significantly,and soil total K, available P, total P and soil organic matter were improved,obviously,but soil total N and soil available N were poor. Soil organic matter, soil total N, P and K were lower in OP than in conventional orchard（OP-CK）, but available P and K were better. Soil nutrients in GL were lower than in conventional grassland（GL-CK）,except soil available K. Soil total K and soil available P in OP were better than in GL in upper soil layer（0-20 cm）,middle layer and deep soil layers,and the difference of soil nutrients between OP and GL appeared in upper soil layer（0-20 cm） and middle layer（20-60 cm）,but soil total N was no significant difference between OP and GL within 100 cm soil layer.