基于GIS的陆良烟区土壤主要养分空间变异特征

Spatial Variability of Soil Main Nutrients in Tobacco Fields of Luliang County Based on GIS

采用GPS定位技术,在陆良烟区采集土壤样品340个,运用地统计学和经典统计学研究了区域植烟土壤主要养分的总体特征、空间变异特征和丰缺格局。结果表明,植烟土壤全氮、全磷和全钾平均含量分别为1.44 g/kg、0.92 g/kg和11.57 g/kg,速效氮、速效磷和速效钾平均含量分别为110.12 mg/kg、44.71mg/kg和131.45 mg/kg。土壤养分的块金效应介于28.30%-48.41%,表现为中等的空间相关性,空间变异受结构性因素和随机性因素共同影响。土壤全氮和速效氮含量中等,44.33%面积的土壤全氮含量过高,22.25%面积的土壤速效氮含量过高;土壤全磷含量较低,96.64%面积的土壤全磷含量缺乏,土壤速效磷丰富,48.07%面积的土壤速效磷含量过高;土壤全钾含量极低,97.68%面积的土壤全钾含量缺乏,速效钾含量中等,14.44%面积的土壤速效钾含量缺乏。

Based on GPS technique, 341 tobacco soil samples were collected in tobacco fields of Luliang, the general characteristics, spatial variability and supplying availability of main nutrients in soil were studied by methods of geostastics and classical stastics. The results indicated that, the average contents of soil total N, P were K are 1.44 g / kg, 0.92 g / kg and11.57 g / kg, the average contents of soil available N, P and K were 110.12 mg / kg, 44.71 mg / kg and 131.45 mg / kg. The nugget-to-sill ratio of soil nutrients was in the range of 28.30%-48.41%, appearing the moderate spatial dependence, spatial variability of those main nutrients were affected by structural factors and random factors. The spatial distribution maps showed, that total N and available N were at moderate level, 44.33% area of the soil was extremely high of total N, and22.25% area of the soil was extremely high of available N; Total P was widely deficient, and ‘lower level＇ and ‘low level＇occupied 96.64% area of soil, and totally,available P was abundant, 48.07% area of the soil available P was too high; Total K was widely deficient, ‘lower level＇ and ‘low level＇ occupied 97.68% area of soil totally, and available K was moderate,14.44% of the area was lack of available K.