湖北武汉茶树内生真菌多样性及种群结构

Diversity and Population Structure of Endophytic Fungi from Camellia sinensis in Wuhan, Hubei

为了解武汉地区茶树内生真菌的多样性,从鄂茶1号、鄂茶5号、福鼎大白茶的茎、叶共210个组织块中,分离获得166株内生真菌菌株。结果表明,茶树受内生真菌侵染程度较高,74.29%的组织有内生真菌存在。根据r DNA-ITS系统发育分析,从中分离鉴定内生真菌15属,27个分类单元,主要有链格孢(Alternaria)、葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria)、刺盘孢(Colletotrichum)、间座壳属(Diaporthe)、镰孢霉(Fusarium)、赤霉(Gibberella)、小从壳菌(Glomerella)、球座菌(Guignardia)、新壳梭孢菌(Neofusicoccum)、拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis)、拟茎点霉(Phomopsis)、格孢腔菌(Pleosporales)、拟青霉(Paecilomyces)、腐霉(Pythium)、丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)和2种未知真菌。根据相对频率,葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)、盘长孢状刺盘孢(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)、芒果球座菌(Guignardia mangiferae)等在茶树中比较常见。不同组织部位、不同品种内生真菌分布及组成存在差异,表现出较丰富的多样性。

Aimming to study the diversity of endophytic fungi isolated from Camellia sinensis in Wuhan,166 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from 210 tissues,including tea stems and leaves from E-Cha No.1,E-Cha No.5 and Fuding Dabaicha. The results showed that,endophytic fungi were in 74.29 percent of plant tissues. 27 taxa in 15 genera were identified by r DNA-ITS sequence analysis,which where Alternaria, Botryosphaeria, Colletotrichum, Diaporthe, Fusarium, Gibberella, Glomerella, Guignardia,Neofusicoccum,Pestalotiopsis,Phomopsis,Pleosporales,Paecilomyces,Pythium,Rhizoctonia and two unkown endophytic fungi. In accordance with relative frequency,Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,Botryosphaeria dothidea and Guignardia mangiferae were more common in tea. The isolation results showed that there were some notable differences between distribution and composition of the endophytic fungi isolated from different cultivars and different tissues of tea,it also showed rich diversity.