细芥化痰平喘巴布贴止咳、祛痰、平喘药效学研究

Pharmacodynamic study on antitussive,antiasthmatic and expectorant effects of Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm

目的研究细芥化痰平喘巴布贴止咳、祛痰、平喘作用。方法昆明种小鼠50只,雌雄各半,随机分为空白对照组,细芥化痰平喘巴布贴高、中、低剂量组及阳性对照组(阿米迪)。实验前1 d各组动物背部剃毛,治疗组及阳性对照组均用药物外敷小鼠"肺俞",采用浓氨水致小鼠咳嗽法、小鼠气管酚红排出量考察细芥化痰平喘巴布贴的止咳、祛痰作用;大鼠40只,雌雄各半,分组及给药方式同前,采用卵白蛋白(OVA)致敏和激发方法复制哮喘大鼠动物模型,计算气雾吸入引发大鼠哮喘潜伏期,并观察大鼠体外气管螺旋条对乙酰胆碱的收缩反应。结果对于浓氨水致小鼠咳嗽法,与空白对照组比较,细芥化痰平喘巴布贴各剂量组及阳性对照组能明显抑制小鼠的咳嗽次数(P<0.05,P<0.01),明显延长小鼠反应潜伏期;细芥化痰平喘巴布贴低剂量与中、高剂量组间咳嗽次数和潜伏期差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),说明效果存在剂量依赖性;对于祛痰实验,与空白对照组比较,细芥化痰平喘巴布贴中、高剂量组及阳性对照组能够明显增加小鼠呼吸道酚红的排泄量(P<0.05,P<0.01),细芥化痰平喘巴布贴低剂量与中、高剂量组间酚红排泄量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),说明细芥化痰平喘巴布贴有一定的祛痰作用。对于平喘实验,与空白对照组比较,细芥化痰平喘巴布贴各剂量组和阳性对照组大鼠引喘潜伏期明显延长(P<0.05),跌倒休克的大鼠的数目少;细芥化痰平喘巴布贴低剂量与高剂量组间引喘潜伏期差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与空白对照组比较,细芥化痰平喘巴布贴各剂量组和阳性对照组大鼠气管平滑肌的收缩都有明显拮抗作用(P<0.05),细芥化痰平喘巴布贴低剂量与中、高剂量组间对大鼠气管平滑肌收缩的拮抗作用差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),表明细芥化痰平喘巴布贴可拮抗气道平滑肌的收缩,舒张气道平滑肌,降低气道反应性。结论细芥化痰平喘巴布贴具有止咳、祛痰。

Objective To study the antitussive,expectorant and antiasthmatic effects of Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm. Methods 50 Kunming mice（ 25 male and 25 female） were randomly divided into the blank control group,Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm groups with high-,medium- and low-dose and Amidi group as positive control. One day before the experiment,the back hair of all the mice were shaved,and then corresponding drugs were applied externally on lung-shu point of mice in the treatment groups and positive control group. The antitussive and expectorant effects of Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm were investigated by the methods of mice cough caused by concentrated ammonia water and mice tracheal phenol red excretion. 40 rats（ 20 male and 20 female） were treated with the same grouping and administration described previously. Rat model of asthma was replicated by the methods of ovalbumin（ OVA） sensitization and excitation. The latent period of asthma induced by aerosol inhalation in rats was calculated. The contractile response of rat tracheal spiral strips to acetylcholine was observed.Results For the antitussive test,compared with the blank control group,the cough times of mice were significantly inhibited in the Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm groups with different doses and positive control group（ P〈0. 05,P〈0. 01）,the response latency of mice was significantly prolonged. There were statistically significant differences on the cough times and latent period between the Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm group with low dose and Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm groups with medium- and high-dose（ P〈0. 05）,which suggested that the effects presented in a dose-dependent manner. For the expectorant test,compared with the blank control group,the excretion of phenol red in mice airway in the Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm groups with medium-and high-dose and positive control group was obviously increased（ P〈0. 05,P〈0. 01）,which suggested that Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm showed expectorant effect. There were statistically significant differences on the excretion of phenol red between the Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm group with low dose and Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm groups with medium- and high-dose（ P〈0. 05）. For the asthma experiment,compared with the blank control group,the incubation period of asthma was obviously prolonged in the Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm groups with different doses and positive control group（ P〈0. 05）,and the rats number of falling and shock was small. There was statistically significant difference on the incubation period of asthma between the Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm group with low dose and high dose（ P〈0. 05）. Compared with the blank control group,the contraction of rat tracheal smooth muscle was all obviously suppressed in the Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm groups with different doses and positive control group（ P〈0. 05）,which suggested that Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm could suppress the contraction of airway smooth muscle,relax the airway smooth muscle and reduce airway responsiveness. There were statistically significant differences on the suppression of contraction of rat tracheal smooth muscle between the Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm group with low dose and Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm groups with medium- and high-dose（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Xijie Huatan Pingchuan Cataplasm shows pharmacodynamic actions of antitussive,expectorant and antiasthmatic effects.