我国少数民族饮食安全问题研究综述

A Review on the Dietary Safety Researches of China's Ethnic Minorities

通过对近年来关于国内少数民族饮食安全的相关研究文献分析发现,学者们对我国少数民族饮食安全的研究多集中于少数民族饮食安全的主要问题、形成原因和解决对策三个方面。我国少数民族饮食安全的主要问题在于喜好生食肉类,善食高脂肪、高蛋白、高热量食物,嗜好酒、茶,喜好腌熏烧烤食物等。影响我国少数民族饮食安全的因素主要包括自然地理环境和人文历史环境两个方面。解决这些饮食安全问题,建议忌食生肉,膳食营养平衡,适度饮酒、茶,适量食用腌熏烧烤食物。对我国少数民族饮食习惯中存在的不健康、不安全因素应予以高度重视。如何系统研究和解决少数民族饮食习惯中存在的安全隐患,将是学术界进一步努力的方向。

Through analyzing the current literature on the researches of the dietary safety of ethnic minorities in China,we discovered that the studies relevant mainly focus on the critical problems of,the reasons for and the solutions to the dietary safety of ethnic minorities. The main dietary safety issues of ethnic minorities include eating raw meat; eating high- fat,high- protein and high- calorie food; preferring alcohol- and tea- drinking;favoring smoked food and barbecue. The dietary safety problems are caused by two major factors of natural geographical environment and cultural and historical environment. Strategies and suggestions to solve these problems include not eating raw meat,keeping dietary nutrient balance,moderately drinking tea and alcohol,and moderately eating smoked food and barbecue. We should attach great importance to the unhealthy and unsafe factors in the diet culture of ethnic minorities in China. And further efforts should be made by the academic community in how to forward systematical studies and thus solve the dietary safety problems of ethnic minorities.