司法改革背景下检察机关案件信息公开制度的问题与对策

Problems of and Solutions to the System of Procuratorial Organ's Case Information Disclosure under the Context of Judicial Reform

检察机关案件信息公开制度是当前司法改革的重要组成部分。它是对原有"检务公开"的进一步深化,是建立阳光司法机制的必然要求,以保障人民的知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权。《人民检察院案件信息公开工作规定(试行)》和"人民检察院案件信息公开网"为检察机关案件信息公开制度提供了制度基础和配套条件,上海等司法改革前沿地区也对此进行了有益的探索。但该制度的当前实践还存在不理想的状况,制度内容还存在诸多缺陷与疏漏。应当充分吸收司法改革前沿地区的探索成果,确立"以公开为原则,以不公开为例外"的基本原则,明晰法律文书公开的类型,完善公开审查机制,建立硬性的约束机制,完善救济程序,以及建立科学的考评机制,充分展示个案中的公平正义。

The system of procuratorial organ＇s case information disclosure is part of the current judicial reform. Procuratorial organ＇s case information disclosure is a further development of the previous ＂procuratorial affairs disclosure＂,which is the inevitable requirement of establishing sunshine judicial system,to protect the people＇s right to know,right to participate,right to express and right to supervise. The Provisions on the Work of the People＇s Procuratorate＇s Case Information Disclosure（ For Trial Implementation） and ＂the website of case information disclosure of the People＇s Procuratorate＂have provided the institutional foundation and supportive conditions for it. The judicial reform of frontier areas,like Shanghai,has also carried out such beneficial exploration. But the current practice of that system is not ideal,and its content still has several defects and limitations. In order to exhibit fairness and justice in every case,the exploration achievement obtained by the frontier areas of judicial reform should be fully absorbed. We should establish the principle of ＂disclosure as a principle,non- disclosure as an exception＂in the system,clarify the types of legal documents＇ disclosure,improve the public review mechanism,and set up a rigid constraint mechanism and a scientific evalua-tion mechanism.