行人和骑车人头部与轿车碰撞特征的研究

A Study on the Features of Car Collision Against Pedestrian's and Bicyclist's Heads

基于CIDAS对行人和骑车人与车辆碰撞事故调查结果和THUMS假人对事故的仿真再现,总结了行人-轿车、电动自行车骑车人-轿车两种碰撞工况的碰撞特点,并据此建立了相应的交通事故仿真模型,深入研究了行人、骑车人与普通轿车碰撞过程中,行人、骑车人头部运动学响应和伤害特征。结果表明:行人头部与轿车、骑车人头部与轿车两种碰撞工况相似,故只须适当扩充现行行人保护法规中对冲击速度、冲击角度和碰撞点位置的规定,即可涵盖对两轮车乘员保护的范畴。

On the basis of the survey results of China In-depth Accident Study project for the vehicle collision with both pedestrians and electric bicycle riders and the reconstruction simulation on accidents with THUMS dummy,the impact features of two crash conditions of car-to-pedestrian and car-to-bicyclist are summarized. Based on these,a corresponding simulation model for traffic accidents is set up,and the kinematic responses and injury features of pedestrian＇s and bicyclist＇s heads in collision process are studied. The results show that the conditions of car-pedestrian and car-bicyclist collisions are similar,so as long as the provisions on the impact speed,impact angle and the position of hitting point in current pedestrian protection regulations are appropriately extended,the scope of two wheeler rider protection can be well covered.