计及运动副间隙的独立悬架汽车摆振动力学建模与分析

Dynamics Modeling and Analysis on Shimmy in Independent Suspension Vehicle with Consideration of Clearances in Kinematic Pairs

以采用麦弗逊式独立悬架和齿轮齿条转向器的车辆为对象,计及转向系运动副间隙的影响,应用拉格朗日方程建立了8自由度车辆摆振系统动力学模型。接着基于非线性动力学分析方法,通过数值仿真,分析了车速、间隙和簧下质量对前轮摆振幅度的影响。结果表明,在某些特定车速范围,前轮会发生较为严重的自激摆振,与试验结果基本吻合,验证了模型的正确性。

Taking a vehicle with Mc Pherson independent suspension and rack /pinion steering mechanism as objective,with consideration of the effects of clearances in the kinematic pairs of steering system,an eight DOF dynamics model for vehicle shimmy is established by applying Lagrange equation. Then based on nonlinear dynamics analysis,a numerical simulation is conducted on the model to analyze the effects of vehicle speed,clearances and unsprung mass on the shimmy amplitude of front wheels. The results show that rather serious self-excited shimmy may happen on front wheels at some specific speed ranges,which basically well agree with test results,verifying the correctness of the model built.