汽车驱动桥飞溅润滑的数值仿真

Numerical Simulation of Splash Lubrication in Vehicle Drive Axle

鉴于飞溅润滑的流动过程复杂,很难通过解析或试验方法了解润滑油在驱动桥内部的流动情况,本文中基于计算流体动力学方法,采用流体体积模型和齿面移动法建立了包含准双曲面齿轮、滚子轴承和油道等部件的驱动桥飞溅润滑数值仿真模型,计算得到飞溅润滑过程中的流场特性,实现了驱动桥内部润滑油瞬态流动过程的可视化,分析了不同时刻驱动桥内油液分布与搅油功耗和油道内与轴承区域油量变化情况。最后,通过驱动桥搅油功耗实验,对仿真模型进行验证。结果表明,仿真与实验最大误差为8.73%,说明了仿真模型的可靠性。

In view of the complexity of the flow process of splash lubrication and the difficulty in understanding the flow pattern of lubricating oil in driving axle by analytic and test methods,a numerical simulation model for the splash lubrication of drive axle including hypoid bevel gear set,roller bearings and oil paths by using the volume of fluid model and gear tooth moving scheme,based on computational fluid dynamics technique. With the model,the flow field characteristics of splash lubrication are calculated,the transient flow process of lubricating oil in drive axle is visualized,the oil distribution and the power consumed in churning oil in drive axle and the variation of oil quantity in oil path and bearing area are analyzed. Finally an experiment on the power consumed in churning oil in drive axle is conducted to verify simulation model. The results show that the maximum error of simulation results relative to experiment is 8. 73%,demonstrating the reliability of simulation model.