肇庆市某高校新生乙肝病毒感染调查分析

Investigation analysis of hepatitis B virus infection in college freshmen

目的调查分析某高校学生乙肝病毒感染情况。方法对2014年、2015年某校入校的10500名新生进行问卷调查(乙肝知识、态度、行为),并采取酶联吸附法检测患者的乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)感染情况。结果不同性别、民族、专业和区域的同学都意识到乙肝是一种严重的疾病,男性同学及有接触同学知晓更高。对于乙肝防治知晓率基本在50%以上,在性别和区域无明显差异,民族和经历有一定差异。对乙肝患者的态度相对理性,其他民族的学生对待态度有点畏惧和排斥。2015级新生ALT阳性患者相对于2014级显著下降(P<0.05),其中,HBsAg阳性新生数也随着降低,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),AST阳性者例数无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论我国大学生对乙肝了解程度逐渐提高,乙肝病毒感染也较低,但是仍然需要加大对乙肝健康教育的力度,从根本上铲除其危害。

Objective To investigate and analyze the situation of hepatitis B virus（HBV）infection in college freshmen.Methods From 2014 to 2015our hospital physical examination center enrolled 10500 college freshmen to investigate the knowledge of HBV by questionnaires（hepatitis B knowledge,attitude and practice）,and take enzyme-linked adsorption method to detect patients with HBsAg infections. Results The different gender,ethnic,experience and regional classmates were aware that HBV is a serious disease,male students and experienced students knew more.The people understanding prevention and control of HBV was over 50%,there were no significant difference in gender and area and a certain difference between ethnic group and experience group.The attitude to patients with HBV from freshmen was relatively rational;other ethnic students＇ attitude was a little fear and rejection.The numbers of ALT positive freshmen decreased significantly between grade 2014 and grade 2015（P〈0.05）,of which the HBsAg positive students were the same to decrease,there was no significant difference（P〉0.05）,AST positive cases had no significant change（P〉0.05）.Conclusion The understanding of HBV in students improves gradually and the rate of HBV infection is lower,but it is still need to strengthen the health education for HBV,which eliminates the hazards of HBV fundamentally.