论常道直以“问题解决”为取向的教育管理学思想

On the "problem solving" Oriented Educational Administration Idea of Chang Daozhi

作为一门学科的教育行政学/管理学诞生于西方,但移植到中国后如何解决中国问题,一直是常道直等民国时期教育行政学/管理学家们孜孜以求的问题。常道直在熟稔西方教育管理理论与实践的同时,更关注中国自身教育管理学科的构建与现实教育管理问题的解决,他所有研究的主旨均体现出"问题解决"的取向。他提出教育行政学中国化改造,主张建立高效合理的教育行政组织和制度,以及强调教育行政专业化、学术化建设,都是他针对中国教育行政管理中存在的官僚化、人治化、低效性现实问题提出的解决方案。

Educational Administration, as a discipline, was originated in the western world. In the Republic of China, many experts in this field have been concerned about how it could be applied into the solving of Chinese problems after being transplanted to China, among whom was Mr. Chang Daozhi. Being familiar with its theories and practice in the western academic world, he paid more attention to the establishment of China’s own discipline on Educational Administration, and to the solving of related problems in reality. Therefore, an orientation of“problem solving”can be easily viewed from the themes of all his researches. To carry out sinicizing reforms in Educational Administration, to set up an efficiency and reasonable educational administrative organizations and systems, as well as to make Educational Administration professionalized and theorized, are all the solutions he has put forward to solve the practical problems such as bureaucracy,“rule by men”and inefficiency, in China’s educational administration.