KH550改善硝基胍发射药低温力学性能研究

Study on Improving the Mechanical Properties of Nitroguanidine Gun Propellant with KH550 at Low Temperature

为了改善硝基胍发射药的低温力学性能和燃烧稳定性,使用硅烷偶联剂(KH550)对硝基胍进行表面包覆处理,制备了KH550改性后的硝基胍发射药。采用扫描电镜、红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪研究了硝基胍被KH550包覆后的物理化学性质。采用简支梁抗冲击试验机、万能材料试验机及密闭爆发器试验测试了改性前后硝基胍发射药的常温与低温力学性能及燃烧性能。结果表明,KH550可以通过化学作用包覆在硝基胍表面,且在发射药的黏结体系中未出现团聚现象;包覆后的硝基胍热分解性能稳定,KH550的加入对硝基胍发射药的热分解性能影响不大;与原硝基胍发射药相比,改性硝基胍发射药在低温(-40℃)环境下的抗冲击强度、抗压缩强度和抗拉伸强度分别提高了34.22%、3.71%和11.5%。且改性硝基胍发射药低温(-40℃)的燃烧相对陡度降低,燃烧更加稳定。

To improve the mechanical properties and the combustion stability of nitroguanidine gun propellants under low temperature,the surface of nitroguanidine was coated by silane coupling agent （KH550）, and gun propellants were prepared with nitroguanidine coated by KH550. The physico-chemical properties of nitroguanidine coated by KH550 were studied by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry. And the mechanical properties and combustion properties of modified nitroguanidine gun propellants were tested respectively by the Impact Testing Machine , Universal Testing Machine and by closed bomb vessel test. The results show that KH550 can be coated on the surface of nitroguanidine by chemical action, thermal decomposition property of nitroguanidine after coated is stable. Compared with original nitroguanidine propellant, the impact strength, compressive strength and stretch strength of modified nitroguanidine propellants under the low temperature environment increase by 34. 22% , 3. 71% and 11. 9 % ,respectively. Compared with normal temperature（20℃ ） , the relative gradient of modified nitriguanidine gun propellant combustion at low temperature （ - 40℃）reduces, and the combustion is more stable.