高海拔特长公路隧道关键问题及对策浅析

Key Problems and Countermeasures of High-Altitude and Super-long Expressway Tunnels

高海拔特长公路隧道同时兼具"高海拔""特长""公路隧道"的工程特性。相对于普通公路隧道和已建典型高海拔公路隧道,它既有相似性,也有特殊性。结合已建和在建典型高海拔隧道的实际条件,以高海拔特长公路隧道为研究对象,分析其地形复杂、地质复杂、气候恶劣、环境脆弱和风险加剧等特殊建设条件,探讨其在勘察、选址与选线、施工和运营等不同阶段可能存在的关键问题,并提出综合勘察技术、防冻保温技术、生态保护技术、施工保障技术和运营通风与防灾逃生技术等有待进一步提升的技术,及其发展方向与建议。

The high-altitude and super-long expressway tunnel has the characteristics of ＂ high altitude＂, ＂ super-long ＂ and ＂ expressway tunnel ＂. It has similarity and specificity compared with ordinary expressway tunnels and existing typical high-altitude expressway tunnels. In combined with actual conditions of typical high-altitude tunnels existing or under construction,the authors take the high-altitude and super-long expressway tunnels as the research object,to analyze the special construction conditions such as complex terrain,complex geological environment,bad weather,fragile environment and increasing risk, etc. Key problems that may occurs at different stages like geological survey, site selecting,routing,construction and operation are discussed,and proposed integrated survey technology,antifreeze insulation technology,ecological protection technology,construction technology and operational support ventilation and disaster prevention and escape techniques to be further enhanced, and its development direction and suggestion.