产学研合作中的机会主义及其治理

Study on Opportunism and Governance in University-Industry Collaboration

在产学研合作中利益分配在双方合作中起着至关重要的作用。信息的不完整或受到歪曲的透露,尤其是造成信息方面的误导、歪曲、掩盖、搅乱或混淆的蓄意行为,使产学研合作中采取机会主义能使任何一方获得比真诚合作更大的利益,致使参与方在合作中选择机会主义。因此,机会主义成为产学研合作创新中亟待解决的重要问题,应采取三种治理机制:一是随着产学研合作的增多,合作各方努力向市场传递其声誉信息,促使双方重复博弈并形成良好的声誉机制;二是完善产学研合作的契约,使契约成为一种交易协调机制;三是当产学研合作创新市场出现时,地方政府实行团体性奖励。

Interest distribution plays an essential role inuniversity-industry collaboration. Incomplete or misleading information,together with deliberate behaviors to mislead,distort,cover or confuse information,will make any sideprefer opportunism in their cooperation and get more profits. To solve the problems existing in university-industry collaboration,three management mechanisms should be adopted. They are reputation mechanism,in which partners spread reputations to increase cooperation,transaction coordinate mechanism,in which contracts are improved,and the mechanism of group reward carried out by the government when innovation market emerges in university-industry collaboration.