论商标权取得与维持的平衡关系——以《加拿大商标法修正案》为视角

Balance between Acquisition and Maintenance of Trademark Right:A perspective of Canadian Trade-mark Act Amendments

为了实现商标法主旨,保证权利取得与维持的平衡关系至关重要。《加拿大商标法》修正案由于对注册程序进行了大量删改,相当程度上剔除了使用要求而遭到反对。各方担忧修正案会导致商标使用要求对商标抢注和商标流氓现象的控制力大幅下降。修正案及其评价对改良我国商标法中的权利取得和维持方式颇有启示。在不改变注册取得模式的前提下,通过程序安排引入使用要求有利于改变"易有效、难无效"的权利供给失衡局面,从而降低纸面商标数量,承载商标价值。

Keeping balance between acquisition and maintenance of trademark right is essential to realize the purpose of the Trademark Law. Due to eliminating the requirement for usage and other revisions relating to registration procedure, the Canadian Trademark Act amendments are extremely objected by legal scholars and practitioners. They worry the amendments may weaken the first- to-use principle, whereby its restriction on trademark squatting and trademark trolls may be reduced. The amendments and discussions thereof can enlighten Chinese trademark regime on the rules of trademark right acquisition and maintenance. Introducing use requirements into acquisition and maintenance procedures of trademark right does reduce the quantity of paper trademarks and, from the supply side of trademaik right, make for a better foundation of trademark values and more balanced validate and invalidate procedures.