国际知识产权制度的当今发展及其对我国的影响

The Development of the International Intellectual Property System and its Impact on China

当今世界知识产权制度是一个以《TRIPS协定》为基础、由多边协议、诸边和地区性协议、以及双边协议组成的多层次复杂体系。多边框架下的国际知识产权制度协调陷入僵局,诸边、区域性和双边协议大量出现,世界知识产权制度呈现明显的区域主义发展趋势。内容上,一方面,主要发达国家在世界范围内不断输出高标准知识产权保护条款;另一方面,知识产权对发展的作用日益受到重视。面对国际知识产权制度发展的新特点,在国际层面上,我国要主动参与国际知识产权规则的制定权竞争。利用《TRIPS协定》中的弹性条款捍卫本国利益。坚持平等互惠和共同发展的原则,致力于制定平衡的国际知识产权规则。国内层面上,根据我国国情,逐步、适当、分领域地提高知识产权保护水平,以适应国内发展和国际竞争的需要。坚持可持续发展之路,致力于建设知识产权保护与公共利益相平衡的知识产权制度。

The present international IP system is a multi-layer regime which is based on the TRIPS Agreement and consists of multilateral, plurilateral, regional and bilateral agreements. The multilateral framework for the harmonization of international IP laws has reached an impasse. The proliferation of plurilateral, regional and bilateral agreements shows an obvious and increasing feature of regionalism in the development of the international IP system. On the one hand, developed countries are exporting high-standard IP provisions. On the other hand, IP is getting important to development. The international IP system is witnessing a new scenario, in which case, China should actively participate in the rule-making process of international IP laws. China should make use of the flexibilities in the TRIPS Agreement to protect its national interests and have a say in making international IP rules. Domestically, China should improve its IP protection gradually, appropriately and in an industry-specific manner. Moreover, China should strive to build up an IP system that balances IP protection with the public interests.