台湾传统建筑彩绘仪规初探

Rituals and Regulations of Traditional Color Paintings on Architecture in Taiwan

民间建筑彩绘呈现出不同的地域文化特征,台湾民间传统建筑彩绘,丰富的色彩、满铺的构图看似繁俗,在传统建筑营建过程中,透过仪式观察及匠师访谈,可发现彩绘在空间中的配置原则,揭示彩绘题材的设置与建筑空间位置、位序有密切关系,其建筑彩绘的题材选择及设置受到仪式与规制影响。彩绘主题中的厌胜画、吉瑞图示、教化题材的设置反映传统空间的宇宙观,并且与传统的礼制思想一致,希冀补充我国民间传统建筑彩绘的学术研究、保存地域文化传统、借助保护民居珍贵遗产探讨可持续发展地域文化的方向。

Color paintings on vernacular architecture display a diversified character of local culture. The traditional architecture with color painting in Taiwan is a good case. By field observation and interviews to local artisans, the complicatedly composed picture with rich color, usually on timber structures of vernacular architecture could be simplified to being affected by the ritual and regulation of the spatial order of painting, the main theme, and the location and sequence of the architectures. By discussing the important ritual activities and ceremonies of the color paintings during the construction of the traditional architecture, the setting of the main themes of the color paintings about khiansng, auspicious and enlightenment topics are examined so as to investigate the relationship between its spatial order and regulation. The study intends to fill the current academic gap, to preserve the local cultural heritage, to enhance the culture identity of Chaozhou ethnic community in China and overseas, and to explore the sustainable development of local culture by the conservation of valuable vernacular heritages.