辐板型式对车轮强度和声辐射性能影响的对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Effects of Web Shape on Strength and Sound Radiation Characteristics of Railway Wheels

为了对比不同的辐板型式对车轮强度和声辐射性能的影响,建立具有相同质量、轮毂轮辋结构的直辐板、曲线型辐板和波浪型辐板车轮进行分析。建立三种车轮的数值计算模型,分析在直线、曲线和过道岔三种工况下三种车轮的机械应力场。利用有限元模型结合大秦线实际运营情况计算三种车轮在长大坡道制动时的热应力场,并得到热机组合工况下的应力场。通过模态计算和频率响应计算,将车轮外表面的位移响应处理成声学边界元输入,计算得出车轮的声辐射功率。通过结果对比分析,得出三种车轮的强度性能和声辐射性能,为车轮设计中根据不同需求选择合理的车轮辐板型式提供参考。

In order to investigate the effects of different web shapes on the strength and sound radiation of railway wheels,analysis was made on three kinds of wheels,with straight plates,curve plates and corragated plates,with same quality,same hub and rim structure.Firstly,the numerical model for the three types of wheels was created to study the mechanical stress field of the three types of wheels when they run on tangent line,curve and switch.Based on the actual operation of Datong-Qinhuangdao railway line,the finite element model was used to calculate the thermal von-misses equivalent stresses under ramp breaking and the stress field under the thermos-mechanical coupling condition was obtained.By calculating model and frequency responses of the wheels,the displacement response of the outer surface of the wheel was processed as the acoustic boundary element input to obtain the radiation sound power of the wheels.By comparing the results of analysis,the strength characteristics and sound radiation characteristics of the three types of wheels were revealed,which can provide a certain reference for the selection of the right wheel plates during wheel design.