核心素养的国际视野与中国立场——21世纪中国的国民素质提升与教育目标转型

The International Perspective and China's Stance of Key Competencies——The Enhancement of National Qualities and the Transformation of Educational Goals in 21st Century in China

核心素养是21世纪人人都需要具备的关键少数高级行为能力,是知识、技能、态度的统整与融合。世界范围内的核心素养热潮实质上是教育质量的升级运动,是国际教育竞争的集中反映。中国的核心素养框架要凸显中国立场与主体意识,要反映现实国情与未来诉求。创新能力、批判性思维、公民素养、合作与交流能力、自主发展能力、信息素养六种核心素养是中国21世纪现代人素养的清单,为国民素质提升指明了基本方向,也为推进教育现代化确定了战略重点。其中,创新能力是中国"核心素养的核心",培养创新人才是中国教育的优先目标。

Key competencies,as the integration of knowledge,skills,and attitudes,are a small number of criticaland high-order behavioral abilities that everyone needs to possess in 21 st Century. The boom of key competencies in theworldwide is essentially the upgraded movement of the educational quality and the main reflection of the internationalcompetition in education. In China,the framework of key competencies should highlight China＇s position and subjectconsciousness,as well as reflect the realistic national conditions and the future appeals. This framework includes sixaspects：creativity,critical thinking,citizenship,cooperation and communication,autonomous development,andinformation literacy. This is the list of modern people＇s competencies in 21 st Century in China. It not only providesdirection to enhance national qualities and to transform national characters,but also determines the strategic emphasis topromote educational modernization. Among the competencies,creativity is ＂the key of key competencies＂ in China.Therefore,cultivating creativity is the primary goal of China＇s education.