孙悟空的园林艺术修养及《西游记》环境描写的园林特征

On the Garden Art Accomplishment of Sun Wukong and Landscape Characteristics of Environment Description in the Novel Journey to the West

具有较高的园艺技能和园林艺术修养,是孙悟空比较显著的一项才能,是《西游记》中多处明白描写到的,如求学期间受过园艺技术方面的训练,掌管过蟠桃园,有过重建花果山这样营造大型园林的实践,酷爱欣赏自然山水和各类园林等。孙悟空被赋予该种修养,实质上承载的是作者本人对于自然山水和园林的欣赏和热爱,折射了中国古典园林在明代繁荣昌盛的时代特征。《西游记》主要通过孙悟空的视角,描写了各种形式的中国古典园林,并以古典园林为原型,构筑了以天宫、佛境、龙宫、仙山等所构成的独特而奇异的魔幻世界。

According to the description of Journey to the West, Sun Wukong has learned about horticultural skills, found his second job which is related with horticulture after graduation, constructed a large garden by himself and likes to appreciate the natural beauty and all kinds of artificial gardens. So he has great garden artistic accomplishment. Virtually, Sun Wukong is endowed with this accomplishment showing the author＇s appreciation enthusiasm of natural beauty and gardens. It also reflects one of the time characteristics in the Ming Dynasty that Chinese classical garden was mature and flourishing in the era. From the angle of the Monkey King, the novel has described all kinds of Chinese classical gardens, and built a unique and magical world of myths on the basis of Chinese classical gardens.