溶剂类型对葡萄籽多酚提取及抗氧化活性的影响

Effects of Different Types Solvent on Extraction and Antioxidant Activity of Grape Phenolics

葡萄籽是一种富含多酚类物质的葡萄酒工业副产物,提取得到的多酚可作为抗氧化活性物质,被广泛应用于食品、药品和化妆品行业。试验分别选择单一纯溶剂(水、甲醇、乙醇和丙酮)及混合溶液(70%甲醇、70%乙醇、70%丙酮和酸性乙醇),提取葡萄籽中的多酚,并对提取物中多酚类物质进行深入分析比较。结果表明,混合溶剂比纯溶剂提取效果好,其中70%丙酮溶液综合提取效果最好,葡萄籽提取物(GSE)中总酚含量为601.93 mg·g^(-1)GSE,是水提取物的近4倍;原花青素的含量为661.38 mg·g^(-1) GSE,是水提取物的近7倍;其中儿茶素作为主要的活性物质其含量为31.32 mg·g^(-1) GSE,表儿茶素次之(20.2 mg·g^(-1) GSE)。通过对比发现,70%丙酮GSE的抗氧化活性最高,DPPH(1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼)IC50值为161.08 mg·L^(-1),约是水的1/5。

As a by-product from wine industry, grape seed is rich in phenolics, which can be used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as antioxidants. Pure solvents （water, methanol, ethanol and acetone） and mixed solutions （70% methanol, 70% ethanol, 70% acetone and acidic ethanol） were used to extract phenolics from grape seeds. The components ofphenolics in grape seed extracts （GSE） obtained from different extraction solvents were analyzed and compared. The highest yield of total phenolics （601.93 mg·g^-1 GSE） in GSE was achieved from 70% acetone as extraction solvent, which was about 4 times than that from pure water. The proanthocyanidin in 70% acetone GSE was 661.38 mg·g^-1 GSE containing catchin （31.32 mg·g^-1 GSE） and epieatechin （20.2 mg·g^-1GSE）. The DPPH （1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical 2, 2-Diphenyl-l-（2, 4, 6-trinitrophenyl） hydrazyl） IC50 value was 161.08 mg·L^-1 for 70% acetone GSE, and it was approximately equals to 1/5 of water, presenting the strongest antioxidant activity among all the GSE.