植物生长调节剂对春玉米子粒建成及产量的影响

Effects of Chemical Regulation on Development Process of Grains and Yield of Spring Maize

以德美亚1号和德美亚2号玉米品种为试验材料,采用大田试验方法,于7展叶期喷施植物生长调节剂激动素和烯效唑,以清水为对照,研究调节剂对玉米子粒建成及产量的调控效应。结果表明,喷施调节剂后第30-39 d,两个处理均显著增加子粒的鲜重、干重、体积和可溶性糖含量。喷药后第48 d,不同品种子粒淀粉含量和淀粉积累量呈不同的变化规律,德美亚1号激动素处理和德美亚2号烯效唑处理的调控效果较好。喷药后第30-48 d,德美亚1号和德美亚2号两个品种子粒转化酶活性呈上升-下降的变化趋势,不同品种间呈相同的变化趋势。植物生长调节剂均显著改善子粒的形态,加快子粒的新陈代谢,扩充子粒库容量,进而提高玉米产量。

A comparative study was conducted on the effect of spraying plant growth regulations of kinetin（KT） and uniconazole（S3307） on the building of grains in maize. Two maize varieties, Demeiya 1 and Demeiya 2 were used as experimental materials. The results indicated after 30-39 days＇ of spraying, the fresh weight, dry weight, volume and soluble sugar content in the two grains samples were always significantly higher than those in control. At the 48th day of spraying, the starch content and starch accumulation showed different trends between Demeiya 1 and Demeiya 2. Demeiyal＇s starch content and starch accumulation sprayed with KT were higher than with S3307, and De- meiya2＇ s starch content and starch accumulation sprayed with S3307 were higher than with KT. Invertase activity in grains showed rise-reduce trend between Demeiya 1 and Demeiya 2. In summary, foliar application of plant growth regulators could significantly improve morphological indexes and enhance physiological metabolism in seven ex- panded leaves. Regulators could significantly enhance physiological activities and enlarge the storage capacity of grains. Thereby, S3307 and KT were effective to increase seed yield.