纤维素接枝甲基丙烯酸丁酯制备吸油材料的探讨

Preparation and Properties of Oil Absorption Material by Grafting Butyl Methacrylate on Cellulose

为开发纤维素基吸油材料,以毛竹浆料、豆秆浆料、甘蔗渣作为基材,甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)为接枝单体,在引发剂过硫酸钾和交联剂二甲基丙烯酸1,4-丁二醇酯的作用下,采用悬浮接枝聚合法制备BMA接枝纤维素的聚合物,主要探究了毛竹浆料、豆秆浆料和甘蔗渣这三种不同基材的纤维素对合成吸油材料的接枝性能和吸油性能的影响,并通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和热重分析(TG)对接枝前后产物的结构进行了表征。结果表明,豆秆浆料接枝产物的吸油性能最大,吸甲苯率为11.18 g/g,吸甲基硅油率为13.38 g/g,接枝率也最高,达76.31%。将甘蔗渣和毛竹按质量比为0.4∶0.6的比例混合作为基材制备的吸油材料接枝效率高达88.32%,均聚物含量为2.3%,吸油性能比纯豆秆接枝产物的吸油性能强,吸甲苯率达10.68 g/g,吸甲基硅油率达15.32 g/g。

The polybutylmethacrylate-grafted-cellulose copolymer was synthesized with the aim of producing cellulose based oil absorption material from butylmethacrylate（BMA） modified bamboo pulp, bean pulp and bagasse residues by suspension graft copolymerization using potassium persulfate as initiator, 1,4-dimethyl-acrylic acid butylene glycol as crosslinker. The graft copolymers were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG analysis. The results showed that the oil obsorption potential of modified substrates was significantly improved compared with the original sample, oil absorption maximum of modified bean pulp was 11.18 g/g （toluene）, 13.38 g/g （methyl silicone oil）. The oil obsorption potential of oil absorption material modified bagasse was the lowest. When mixed two of the three cellulose substrates, the further improvement was achieved. When m（bagasse）/m（bamboo pulp） was 0.4 ： 0.6, the oil absorption maximum was 10.68 g/g （toluene）, 15.32 g/g （methyl silicone oil）, which was better than oil absorption material modified bean pulp.