简论《三国演义》的叙事暗线

A Brief Study on Hidden Narrative Clues in Romance of the Three Kingdoms

《三国演义》的叙事有明线和暗线两套线索。明线即表层线索,是在叙事过程中自然展示的事件发展的逻辑线索;暗线则是在事件沿着表层线索推进的过程中,在特定时候以梦境、星象、灾异、谶谣、甚至卜筮、面相等方式预先布设,用以预示事件结局或人物命运走向的深层线索。《三国演义》通过诸多方式布设叙事暗线可以藉此传达"天命"和"天道"思想,向受众提前透露相关情节推进和人物命运方面的信息,满足受众的好奇心,以便留住受众,也可使小说形成严整的内外结构,形式更加完善。

Obvious clue and logical clue are both included in the narration of Romance of the Three Kingdoms. The obvious clue also called as surface clue and is the logical clue shown naturally in the course of narration. The logical clue is previously set up and buried in advance in events processing along surface clue via dreams,star images,disasters resulting from unusual phenomena,superstitious prediction even divination and physiognomy. In this situation,the clue is hidden from the ending of the stories and the direction of character＇s life can be predicated. Through many ways to set up the narrative logical clue,Romance of Three Kingdoms can express the thoughts of both the ＂ Mandate of Heaven＂and ＂ Natural Law ＂. Meanwhile,it also can disclose on the relevant plots processing and information of character＇s fate to audiences in advance,so as to satisfy curiosity of audiences and retain the audiences. At the same time,the external and internal structure and the novel forms can be more integrated and perfected as well.