《麦田里的守望者》中学校教育异化现象解读

An Analysis of the Alienated School Education in The Catcher in the Rye

《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿·考菲尔德通过讲述他先后四次被学校开除,辗转于各个学校间的经历,向读者揭露了一幅迂腐、刻板、功利化的学校教育图景。在这幅图景之中,教育异化现象遍地丛生。究其缘由,小说中此类教育现象的形成与二战后美国社会经济、政治及社会文化的变迁有密不可分的联系。在异化阴影笼罩下的学校教育,加深了以霍尔顿为代表的一代青年人的精神危机,促使其陷入自我异化的困境之中。

Holden Caulfield, the protagonist of The Catcher in the Rye, tells his story of being expelled from school for four times in this novel. His experiences in these schools show us a picture of stereotyped and utilitarian school education. According to Holden, the educa- tional picture is dotted with alienation. The alienated school education can ascribe to economic, political and societal changes in America after World War II. After being alienated greatly, the school education has aggravated the mental crisis of those teenagers like Holden. As a result, those teenagers are thrown deeper into a dilemma of self-alienation and can no longer escape.