试论中国传统园林中借景的概念、类型及特性

The Study of Conception,Types and Characteristics of Borrowing Scenery in Chinese Traditional Garden

目前对传统园林借景概念、类型及特性等基本问题的认识,仍存在一些不足。尝试借助"属加种差"的科学定义方法,借助美学和心理学等相关理论,从传统园林"景象"系统层面入手,从传统园林"景象建构"角度出发,对借景概念进行实质定义,并依据所借景象类型的不同,将借景划分为实借和虚借两大类型。此外将"借景"与"造景"进行对比研究,归纳了借景的5种特性。明确这些基本问题对借景研究的深入开展具有一定的理论意义。

Currently there are still some deficiency in the understanding of concept and types and characteristics of Borrowing Scenery in Chinese traditional garden. This paper tried to define the essence of the concept of Borrowing Scenery by the definitions method of ＂genus plus specific difference＂ and relevant theories ol＇aesthetics and psychology. This paper defined the concept of Borrowing Scenery from scene system and scene constructing of Chinese traditional garden. Borrowing Scenery could he divided into real and virtual borrowing according to the different types of scene. In addition, this paper compared the Borrowing Scene and constructing scene, then summarized the five characteristics of Borrowing Scenery. There is theoretical significance to Borrowing Scenery by clearing these problems.