综合干预对肌少症患者生活质量及预后的影响研究

Effect of comprehensive intervention on quality of life and prognosis of patients with sarcopenia

目的探讨综合干预改善肌少症患者生活质量及预后。方法将该院老年科住院的肌少症患者随机分成两组,每组各25例,分别为干预组和宣教组,干预组进行包括有氧运动、营养支持、肌少症宣教等综合干预,宣教组仅进行肌少症宣教,随访半年,观察患者生活质量及预后改善情况。生活质量包括:骨骼肌指数(ASMI)、步速、握力、日常生活活动能力(ADL)、工具性日常生活活动能力(IADL)等。预后包括:跌倒、非计划再住院、全因死亡等。结果干预组与宣教组ASMI比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组与宣教组步速比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组与宣教组握力比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组与宣教组ADL比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组与宣教组IADL比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组跌倒3例,宣教组9例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组非计划再住院4例,宣教组非计划再住院11例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组均未发生全因死亡。结论肌少症患者经过综合干预,能够明显改善生活质量,能够改善预后。

Objective To explore whether the comprehensive intervention can improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients with sarcopenia. Methods The patients with sarcopenia in our hospital were randomly divided into intervention group and propaganda group in the prospective way. There were 25 cases in each group. The intervention group had comprehensive intervention including aerobic exercise, nutritional support and education of sarcopenia, while the propaganda group only received education of sarcopenia. The patients were followed up for six months to observe the improvement of the quality of life and prognosis. The indexes of quality of life included appendicular skeletal muscle mass（ASMI）, walking speed, grip, activities of daily living（ADL）, and instrumental activities of daily living（IADL）. The prognosis included fall, unplanned hospitalization, death from any cause, etc. Results The changes of ASMI, walking speed, grip, ADL and IADL were significantly different between the intervention group and the propaganda group（P〈0.05）. The number of the cases who fell was 3 in the intervention group and 9 in the propaganda group, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The case number of unplanned hospitalization was 4 in the intervention group, and11 in the propaganda group, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. There was no death in either group. Conclusions Comprehensive intervention can significantly improve the quality of life and prognosis in patients with sarcopenia.