食用植物油中EU15+1PAHs污染情况及精炼过程对其含量的影响

Contamination degree of EU15 + 1 PAHs in edible vegetable oil and effect of refining process on their content

采用气相色谱一三重四级杆串联质谱法对4种食用植物油（菜籽油、花生油、芝麻油、茶籽油）共150份样品进行欧盟优控的15＋1种多环芳烃（PAHs）检测，分析比较不同油种和不同级别油的污染情况，并对稻米油的精炼过程的样品检测，分析探讨食用植物油中PAHs污染的关键环节，为科学合理提出控制其健康风险的管理措施提供依据。结果显示：我国市售食用植物油不同程度地受到PAHs的污染，检出率在5％-90％之间，平均污染水平范围0．30—4．72μg／kg；PAH4为主要污染物，平均含量12．50μg／kg，其中［艹屈]]污染最为严重，检出率90％，平均含量4．72μg／kg；苯并（a）芘作为食用植物油的重要卫生指标，平均含量2．27μg／kg；4种食用植物油中花生油污染最为严重；稻米油精炼过程中脱酸和脱色工序显著降低了PAH4的含量，成品油苯并（a）芘含量小于2μg／kg，∑PAH4含量小于10μg/kg，达到了良好的品质。

The EU15 ＋ 1 PAHs in 150 edible vegetable oils containing rapeseed oil, peanut oil, sesame oil and oil -tea camellia seed oil were detected by gas chromatography -triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry to compare the contamination degree of different kinds and grades of oil. The samples of rice bran oil in refining process were analyzed and the key procedure of PAHs contamination in edible vegeta- ble oils was investigated in order to provide scientific and reasonable management measures to control the risk of health. The results showed that edible vegetable oils saled in our country were contaminated by PAHs in different degrees. The detection rate and average contamination level were 5% -90% and 0.30 - 4.72 μg/kg, respectively. PAH4 were the main contaminants and its average content was 12.50 μg/kg. The contamination of chrysene was the most serious and its detection rate and average content were 90% and 4.72 μg/kg respectively. As the important health index in edible vegetable oils, the average content of benzo （a） pyrene was 2.27 μg/kg. The contamination degree of peanut oil was the most serious among the four edible vegetable oils. During the refining process of rice bran oil, the content of PAH4 decreased significantly in deacidification and bleaching processes. The refined rice bran oil achieved good quality, and the contents of benzo （a） pyrene and ΣPAH4 were less than 2 μg/kg and less than 10 μg/kg,respectively.