“反规划”途径：理论、应用与展望

THEORY, APPLICATION AND PROSPECT OF NEGATIVE PLANNING APPROACH

＂反规划＂是一种通过优先控制非建设区域来进行空间规划的逆向规划途径。它以景观安全格局为方法论,以生态基础设施为规划战略和成果,形成一个维护国土安全和保障土地生态系统服务功能的绿色网络,作为控制城市建设用地增长的刚性框架。本文分析了＂反规划＂的概念特征与理论体系,论述了近十年来该理论在国土尺度的空间规划与国土保护规划、海绵城市建设、新型城镇化和新农村建设4个方面的新发展;随后综合述评了其应用领域和实践探索;最后基于研究现状,提出了对接耦合＂正反规划＂、强化定量实证研究、考虑城市自组织增长和存量更新、加强管控实施等研究展望。

Negative Planning Approach is a reverse spatial pLanning method which gives priority to preserving and planning nonurban development area. Taking landscape security pattern as its methodoLogicaL base, Negative PLanning Approach is a rigid framework to control urban growth, aiming to develop ecoLogicaL infrastructure plans as its planning strategy and results, and establishing a green network which can ensure national territorial security and ecosystem services. This article reviews the concept and theories of Negative PLanning Approach and elaborates its new theoretical advances in the fields of spatial planning and protection planning of national territory, sponge city construction, new urbanization, and new rural construction. Then it further reviews the application and exploration of Negative Planning Approach in the past decade. FinaLly, this article points out the insufficiency of the current research on Negative PLanning Approach, and puts forward prospects including the combination of Negative PLanning Approach with conventional planning methods, strengthening quantitative evidence-based study, taking urban self-organized growth and inventory renewal into consideration, and enhancing related management and implementation.